Adapting Apple Ideotypes to Low-Input Fruit Production Agro-Ecosystems,

• Parisi, L. , Jamar, L. , Lateur, M.. , Laurens, F. & Lauri, P.E.. (2014). Adapting Apple Ideotypes to Low-Input Fruit Production Agro-Ecosystems, In: Organic farming, Prototype for Sustainable Agricultures. Stéphane Bellon, Servane Penvern, INRA Avignon France. Springer, 466.

Type	Book Section
Year	2014
Chapter title	Adapting Apple Ideotypes to Low-Input Fruit Production Agro-Ecosystems,
Book title	Organic farming, Prototype for Sustainable Agricultures.
Editor	Stéphane Bellon, Servane Penvern, INRA Avignon France
Publisher	Springer
Label	U2_Jamar_2014
Edition	INRA Edition
Pages	466
Isbn	978-94-007-7926-6
Endnote Keywords	Apple breeding, cultural practices, pest and disease control, integrated fruit production (IFP), low-input systems, Malus x domestica, organic fruit production (OFP), sustainable orchard.
Abstract	Current commercial apple growing is highly dependent on off-farm inputs and it is urgent to develop new strategies to remedy this situation. The challenge for the future is to achieve lower-input apple orchards, whether under Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) or Organic Fruit Production (OFP) systems. This paper analyses the different agronomic factors playing key roles both in the current and future ‘More Sustainable Orchard’, with particular attention on plant protection. Firstly, the concept of ‘ideotype’ is developed emphasizing the most important characteristics of optimal ideotypes for apple. Secondly, current knowledge on the relationships between genotype, cultural practices and the environment is presented and discussed. This paper is dealing with properties that need to be combined at plant material and orchard levels to optimize the IFP and OFP low-input systems. The focus is on (a) the main characteristics of apple ideotypes, (b) breeding strategies, and (c) adapted cultural practices and control measures in the orchards.
Author address	Luciana Parisi -INRA Avignon France
Fichier	Adapting Apple Ideotypes to Low-Input Fruit Production Agro-Ecosystems,
Authors	Parisi, L., Jamar, L., Lateur, M.., Laurens, F., Lauri, P.E..